In understanding how to manage change researchers have been exploring; ‘Why do some of us cope better with change than others?’, and ‘Why can some individuals embrace change and adapt to their new circumstances in a relatively short timeframe while others become stuck and unable to move forward, resisting and opposing the change?’.
While there are many psychological theories explaining how change works in our brains, the most effective models when dealing with unexpected life circumstances are those which focus more on the actual ‘transition’ rather that the ‘change’ itself. William Bridges in his book ‘Managing Transitions’ sums the differences up beautifully:
“Change is situational. Transition, on the other hand, is psychological. It is not those events, but rather the inner reorientation or self-redefinition that you have to go through in order to incorporate any of those changes into your life. Without a transition, a change is just a rearrangement of the furniture. Unless transition happens, the change won’t work, because it doesn’t take.”
Put more simply, change is the situation in your life which has taken place, e.g. a restructure at work that affects your role or day job. While transition is the internal psychological shift that occurs as you make sense of the change and bring meaning to it, which in turn enables you to move beyond the change and refocus on a new future.
According to the research available on change and transition, you will likely move through the following three overlapping stages as you start to make sense of unexpected change, give meaning to it, recognise the loss associated with it, begin to let go of the past and start to imagine the new…
(Stage 1) Ending, Losing and Letting Go – the initial stage where you are involved in significant self-reflection of your life as you used to know it, and what you may be losing as a result of the change. For the most part an individual in this stage is often experiencing emotions such as shock, disbelief, denial, anger and uncertainty, as they come to terms with what is happening. It is in this stage that resistance and opposition to the change often peak.
(Stage 2) The Neutral Zone – the ‘in-between’ zone is where you begin to acknowledge that the ‘old’ has gone but you can’t yet fully or realistically visualise the ‘new’. This stage is where there is growing acceptance of the circumstances you are faced with, a knowing you need to embrace something new, but part of you still wishes the change wasn’t happening. This stage is usually accompanied by emotions such as confusion, impatience, and anxiety as you know something needs to happen, and you would take action if only you could see the way forward.
(Stage 3) The New Beginning – the stage where acceptance of the change is realised and momentum starts to gather. While often this stage begins quite inconspicuously, this is the stage where you can now visualise a new reality, you start to feel as if you now have a sense of direction and purpose, and you begin to outline steps or actions to take. This stage is usually accompanied by emotions such as clarity, acceptance, engagement, and a sense of increased energy.